Labour Force Participation: Nigeria Ranks Second Among Africa’s Most Populous Nations

Labour Force Participation: Nigeria Ranks Second Among Africa’s Most Populous Nations

Nigeria has emerged as one of Africa’s leading countries in labour force participation, ranking second among the continent’s 10 most populous nations, according to 2024 data compiled by the International Labour Organization (ILO) and TheCable Index.

The labour force participation rate measures the percentage of a country’s working-age population that is either employed or actively looking for work. It is a key indicator of economic activity and workforce engagement.

According to the report, Tanzania tops the list with an impressive 85.3% labour force participation rate, while Nigeria follows closely at 81.5%, highlighting the country’s large and active workforce despite persistent economic challenges.
The rankings are as follows:
Tanzania – 85.3%
Nigeria – 81.5%
Uganda – 79.4%
Kenya – 68.7%
Ethiopia – 68.3%
DR Congo – 63.4%
South Africa – 63.0%
Egypt – 48.0%
Algeria – 41.8%
Sudan – 37.9%
Nigeria’s high labour force participation rate suggests that a significant proportion of its working-age population is economically active.

However, economists note that a high participation rate does not necessarily translate into quality employment or low unemployment. Many Nigerians continue to work in the informal sector or face underemployment due to limited access to stable, well-paying jobs.

The figures also reveal notable differences across Africa. While East African countries dominate the top of the rankings with strong workforce participation, North African nations such as Egypt, Algeria, and Sudan record considerably lower rates.

The data underscores the importance of not only creating jobs but also improving job quality, boosting productivity, and expanding opportunities for young people entering the labour market.

Source: International Labour Organization (ILO), TheCable Index.